歐盟EU261/2004 班機延誤求償心得

別攔我我要去拯救地球

這篇來分享和United Airlines(聯合航空)求償EU261/2004的經驗,有種「終於輪到我!」解任務的感動XD
以結論來說,我認為在歐洲遇到長時間延誤,事後都可以和航空公司爭取看看。
理直氣和,有談有希望囉。

本文包含
 *歐盟班機延誤賠償
 *我的狀況和處理時序
 *和航空公司求償的信件範例 (英文)
 *參考資料

--
**歐盟班機延誤賠償**

條款全文為Flight Compensation Regulation 261/2004, 有時簡稱EU261、歐盟261、或EU261/2004,指的都是同一件事,是歐盟約束境內航空公司的條款、也保障乘客原定行程受影響時的權益。
在搭稱歐盟航空公司、或搭機離開歐盟時,若被拒絕登機、班機取消、或延誤時,依飛行距離長短設有三個求償門檻。
簡單說明如下,歡迎補充與指正。

適用範圍歐盟國家出發 的 所有航空公司
抵達歐盟國家 的 歐盟航空公司
*冰島、挪威、瑞士等國非歐盟成員,但依協議可視為歐盟國機場
*現金票、哩程票、傳統航空、廉價航空的航班均受此條文保障
*可追溯五年內發生的事件

賠償級距與條件航程1,500km以內、延誤2小時以上、最高賠償250歐元
航程1,500~3,500km之間、延誤3小時以上、最高賠償400歐元
航程3,500km以上、延誤4小時以上、最高賠償600歐元
》條文如此,實際執行時依個案航空公司責任不同,例如改簽後新航班延誤時間未達航程對應的門檻賠償減半、隔夜轉機需提供住宿。
*以上為每人、每航段的賠償上限,不分艙等。複雜行程如轉機第一段造成後續延誤如何認定我不清楚,有待補充。
*注意 延誤時間是以表定出發時間(scheduled time of departure)為基準計算
*飛行距離可參考Great Circle Mapper (http://www.gcmap.com/)

航空公司改票 於二週前通知
一週前通知,但新行程較原定航班之 出發時間提早不超過2小時、抵達時間延誤不超過4小時
一週內通知,但新行程較原定航班之 出發時間提早不超過1小時、抵達時間延誤不超過2小時
符合以上條件的狀況下,航空公司可免責 (即不賠)

特殊狀況 Extraordinary Circumstances
戰爭、天災、安全問題、罷工⋯等等。
》網路討論表示特殊狀況的認定嚴苛,如天災需達火山噴發等級、例行檢查發現飛機故障不能以安全問題推拖(像我這次就是因為維修飛機delay)、罷工是指航管(air traffic control, ATC)罷工而不是航空公司罷工,等等。

細節很多、航空公司也未必甘願賠償。
但我認為遇上了就試著爭取看看,若不順利也可求助第三方機構伸裁、或委託網路上的專業的代理求償公司。
代理的收費行情為最終賠償金額20~30%當佣金,求償失敗免付手續費。
若有需要可搜尋 . 請自行選擇與接洽,本人無特定推荐公司。

--
**延誤與求償記錄**

當天原訂由馬德里起飛、經華盛頓轉機至紐華克(MAD-IAD-EWR).
報到時地勤和主管交頭接耳一陣子之後,問我有沒有非去華盛頓不可的理由,改直飛紐華克怎樣?雖然直飛的航班已經確定delay起飛, 但還是會比轉機的行程早幾個小時到喲考慮一下 (MAD-EWR)。
想了一下,地勤主管也答應升Economy Plus我就同意了。事後才被提醒應該追問改簽的原因,如果是超賣等等的原因還可以談談看其他賠償,遇到的話不妨留意一下。
(經指正原來是Economy Plus, 果然不是PY啊XD)

2445506 (http://www.flickr.com/photos/40372826@N05/29305993038/)

到了登機時間,地勤廣播機件故障,30分鐘後狀況會更明朗、請大家先休息稍後回來。同樣的對話重覆幾次之後,提早排隊等登機的人愈來愈少,接著廣播內容就變成在協調餐廳備餐、同時電子看版也放棄更新,真是太歡樂了XD

隨後放飯還發現航廈內有麻雀,本來覺得這機場好貼近自然啊!
後來想想不對!飛機不是很怕鳥擊嗎?這樣沒問題嗎?!
而等待的時間我也不敢亂跑、lounge又很遠,就在登機口附近確認EU261/2004和旅遊不便險條款,整個人倒是老神在在。
讓延誤成為一種期待!(不對!)

2445507 (http://www.flickr.com/photos/40372826@N05/29305993648/)

長話短說。
四小時是這趟飛行的求償門檻,一開始弄錯延誤時間的計算方式,以為是實際抵達時間比表定時間晚四小時,腦內小劇場不停換檔以為無法求償很忙碌XD
寫文時仔細看了法規原文,才知道延誤是以表定出發時間(scheduled time of departure)為基準計算的,所以當天登機時間比表定登機時間晚04H10M達到賠償標準沒有問題。
但在機場時還不知道這件事,一直認為UA在拼抵達時間不超過四小時免償,雖然覺得不妙但也不能怎樣;落地時間比表定抵達時間晚03H54M, 當下心情和孟克的吶喊有87%像:啊啊啊啊啊~UA是不是一直在協調讓這台優先落地啊,機長如果趕在延誤四小時內落地是會有獎金嗎?白等了啊啊啊~~

「曾經,有一次EU261/2004賠償近在眼前,但最後卻差了六分鐘⋯」
                               —落地當下的心之俳句

在申請賠償時也不覺得會過,因為航班抵達時間不超過四小時(整個還在誤會裡)、加上改過票,對於時間的認定有點tricky, 也只是抱著談談看的心情上官網填表。
也想過幾個被拒絕賠償的原因:最直接的, UA50抵達延誤未超過四小時、或著就算延誤,到EWR的時間還是比原本買的票早,等等。
最後決定先就UA50本身的延誤討論,被刁難再把備案拿出來談吧。

找UA求償倒是簡單。
一下飛機就收到UA系統寄來的致歉信,包含客訴網頁連結 (這裡 (http://www.united.com/unitedcares)),資料填填就可以了。
主要是聯絡資訊、行程內容及預定代號PRN, 再敍述一下客訴內容,完畢。
我留言的內容也很單純,第一段是事發班機及為什麼客訴、第二段依據EU261/2004我有權求償、最後,請給我錢 (無誤XD).
信件内容如下供需要的人參考,最重要是第二段*,其餘請依個人狀況修改。
*第二段我在許多前輩的經驗中都有看到,故此複製貼上、原始出處不明,歡迎補充。

送出後非常神速地在30分鐘內收到回覆,沒有二話,UA提供三個賠償選項:
 1) 600EUR, 即EU261/2004的賠償 全額
 2) United travel voucher 900USD
 3) United 27,500miles

乍看之下選項2的票面價值最高,但不知道會怎麼給,要是18張50USD或9張100USD、再限制一次限用一張,那就和廢紙沒兩樣。
所以還是現金為王了,提供UA要求的匯款資料,等待作業時間最長六週。
若聯絡地址在美國會寄支票、海外才是電匯,這點不清楚是不是UA特有的規定;而海外款項匯入時銀行可能會收手續費,不同銀行收費標準不同、提供給貴賓戶的減免優惠也不同,在和客服要求匯款指示時可以一併確認。

最後提供中國信託台幣帳號,入帳時沒有確認也沒扣手續費;這點不確定是因為台幣、還是美國UA很佛心的使用全額到帳。
實際收台幣20,989, 也是不錯的匯率了 (EURTWD=34.98)。

從開始求償到款項入帳耗時⋯呃,算25個日曆天好了,以美國UA第一次匯款來算。
之所以這麼複雜,是因為我很愚蠢地給錯SWIFT code拖長付款時程⋯QAQ
美國UA前後匯了四次、也麻煩台灣UA的會計幫忙確認,請大家千萬反覆確認匯款資料,不要像我這麼蠢(遮臉)

2445505 (http://www.flickr.com/photos/40372826@N05/42272834545/)

--
**致信客服範例**

Hello XXX (航空公司名稱),

I’m writing this mail regarding the serious delay of flight number (班號) on MM/DD/201X (日期) from airport A (起飛機場) to airport B (目的機場) on the reservation XXXXXX (六碼PRN), passenger XXX (乘客姓名). On that day, the flight postponed departure time again and again for the maintenance. The waiting was quite exhausting (簡述狀況,視情況修改).

The judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Tui & others v CAA confirmed the applicability of compensation for the delay as set out in the Sturgeon case. As such, I am seeking compensation under EC Regulation 261/2004 for this delayed flight.

Please kindly proceed the process, thanks.

Regards,
XXX (your name)

--
**參考資料**

Air Passenger Rights (https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/travel/passenger-rights/air/index_en.htm)
Flight Compensation Regulation 261/2004 (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261) 原始條文
United Care (https://secure.unitedmileageplus.com/CPRnez3.jsp) United 申訴網址
乘客權益 – Lufthansa (https://www.lufthansa.com/cmn/ka/passenger-rights)
Complaints and compensation (http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/holidays/article-2271213/How-claim-EU-flight-delay-compensation-EC-261-2004.html)
[新手專區] 你了解歐洲旅遊班機延遲的旅客權益嗎?淺談EU261/2004規範及實戰經驗分享 (https://blog.tripplus.cc/zh/35821/sharon-newbie-trip-delay-europe-regulation)
航班取消、延误、拒载如何维权?欧盟EU261准则解析及对机票选购的启示 (https://post.smzdm.com/p/456394/)
各安天涯
延誤是以表定出發時間(scheduled time of departure)為基準計算的,所以當天登機時間比表定登機時間晚04H10M達到賠償標準沒有問題。

---> 這並不正確。延誤是以表定抵達時間為基準。

//The delay length is calculated using the time the flight arrives at its destination (this is based on the time at which at least one door of the aircraft is opened) — not the departure time.// 資料來源: http://www.caa.co.uk/Passengers/Resolving-travel-problems/Delays-cancellations/Delays/Long-haul-delays--compensation/

"但在機場時還不知道這件事,一直認為UA在拼抵達時間不超過四小時免償,雖然覺得不妙但也不能怎樣;落地時間比表定抵達時間晚03H54M, 當下心情和孟克的吶喊有87%像:啊啊啊啊啊~UA是不是一直在協調讓這台優先落地啊,機長如果趕在延誤四小時內落地是會有獎金嗎?"

--> 雖然落地時間比表定時間晚3小時54分鐘,但實質抵達時間是以打開艙門的時間為準。

// the Court ruled that ‘arrival delay’ corresponds to the time at which at least one of the doors of the aircraft is opened, the assumption being that, at that moment, the passengers are permitted to leave the aircraft.

— Coby Benson//

參考: https://www.bottonline.co.uk/flight-delay-compensation/claim-guides/definition-of-arrival-time
我用三生煙火換你一世迷離
延誤是以表定出發時間(scheduled time of departure)為基準計算的,所以當天登機時間比表定登機時間晚04H10M達到賠償標準沒有問題。

---> 這並不正確。延誤是以表定抵達時間為基準。

//The delay length is calculated using the time the flight arrives at its destination (this is based on the time at which at least one door of the aircraft is opened) — not the departure time.// 資料來源: http://www.caa.co.uk/Passengers/Resolving-travel-problems/Delays-cancellations/Delays/Long-haul-delays--compensation/

"但在機場時還不知道這件事,一直認為UA在拼抵達時間不超過四小時免償,雖然覺得不妙但也不能怎樣;落地時間比表定抵達時間晚03H54M, 當下心情和孟克的吶喊有87%像:啊啊啊啊啊~UA是不是一直在協調讓這台優先落地啊,機長如果趕在延誤四小時內落地是會有獎金嗎?"

--> 雖然落地時間比表定時間晚3小時54分鐘,但實質抵達時間是以打開艙門的時間為準。

// the Court ruled that ‘arrival delay’ corresponds to the time at which at least one of the doors of the aircraft is opened, the assumption being that, at that moment, the passengers are permitted to leave the aircraft.

— Coby Benson//

參考: https://www.bottonline.co.uk/flight-delay-compensation/claim-guides/definition-of-arrival-time
我看的是英文條約原文
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261&from=EN

delay賠償細節寫在Article 6
應該是scheduled time of departure

--
Article 6

Delay

1. When an operating air carrier reasonably expects a flight to be delayed beyond its scheduled time of departure:

(a) for two hours or more in the case of flights of 1500 kilometres or less; or

(b) for three hours or more in the case of all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres and of all other flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres; or

(c) for four hours or more in the case of all flights not falling under (a) or (b),

passengers shall be offered by the operating air carrier:

(i) the assistance specified in Article 9(1)(a) and 9(2); and

(ii) when the reasonably expected time of departure is at least the day after the time of departure previously announced, the assistance specified in Article 9(1)(b) and 9(1)(c); and

(iii) when the delay is at least five hours, the assistance specified in Article 8(1)(a).

2. In any event, the assistance shall be offered within the time limits set out above with respect to each distance bracket.
騎著草泥馬環游世界
2016也遇到一次,但我是透過refund.me去做,的確如樓主說得會被收25%,那次算幸運,在英國多玩一天,然後航空公司賠償後,等於那段機票將近免費。

翻了一下當時古老網誌心得記錄
https://oaione.blogspot.com/2016/10/blog-post_24.html
無人像你
2016也遇到一次,但我是透過refund.me去做,的確如樓主說得會被收25%,那次算幸運,在英國多玩一天,然後航空公司賠償後,等於那段機票將近免費。

翻了一下當時古老網誌心得記錄
https://oaione.blogspot.com/2016/10/blog-post_24.html
我是透過 AirHelp 代辦,delayed 了5小時,機票價是港幣$4500,實收際收到賠償是港幣$3000。

沒有手續太多要做,印象中是把文件印出來簽名,提供登記証,大概是這樣。
掌心的淚
我看的是英文條約原文
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261&from=EN

delay賠償細節寫在Article 6
應該是scheduled time of departure

--
Article 6

Delay

1. When an operating air carrier reasonably expects a flight to be delayed beyond its scheduled time of departure:

(a) for two hours or more in the case of flights of 1500 kilometres or less; or

(b) for three hours or more in the case of all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres and of all other flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres; or

(c) for four hours or more in the case of all flights not falling under (a) or (b),

passengers shall be offered by the operating air carrier:

(i) the assistance specified in Article 9(1)(a) and 9(2); and

(ii) when the reasonably expected time of departure is at least the day after the time of departure previously announced, the assistance specified in Article 9(1)(b) and 9(1)(c); and

(iii) when the delay is at least five hours, the assistance specified in Article 8(1)(a).

2. In any event, the assistance shall be offered within the time limits set out above with respect to each distance bracket.
第6條是規範延誤期間對旅客的濟助。

而第7條規範賠償準則。第7條條文都是指 arrival time.

Article 7

Right to compensation

1. Where reference is made to this Article, passengers shall receive compensation amounting to:

(a) EUR 250 for all flights of 1500 kilometres or less;

(b) EUR 400 for all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres, and for all other flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres;

(c) EUR 600 for all flights not falling under (a) or (b).

In determining the distance, the basis shall be the last destination at which the denial of boarding or cancellation will delay the passenger's arrival after the scheduled time.

2. When passengers are offered re-routing to their final destination on an alternative flight pursuant to Article 8, the arrival time of which does not exceed the scheduled arrival time of the flight originally booked

(a) by two hours, in respect of all flights of 1500 kilometres or less; or

(b) by three hours, in respect of all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres and for all other flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres; or

(c) by four hours, in respect of all flights not falling under (a) or (b),

the operating air carrier may reduce the compensation provided for in paragraph 1 by 50 %.
第6條是規範延誤期間對旅客的濟助。

而第7條規範賠償準則。第7條條文都是指 arrival time.

Article 7

Right to compensation

1. Where reference is made to this Article, passengers shall receive compensation amounting to:

(a) EUR 250 for all flights of 1500 kilometres or less;

(b) EUR 400 for all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres, and for all other flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres;

(c) EUR 600 for all flights not falling under (a) or (b).

In determining the distance, the basis shall be the last destination at which the denial of boarding or cancellation will delay the passenger's arrival after the scheduled time.

2. When passengers are offered re-routing to their final destination on an alternative flight pursuant to Article 8, the arrival time of which does not exceed the scheduled arrival time of the flight originally booked

(a) by two hours, in respect of all flights of 1500 kilometres or less; or

(b) by three hours, in respect of all intra-Community flights of more than 1500 kilometres and for all other flights between 1500 and 3500 kilometres; or

(c) by four hours, in respect of all flights not falling under (a) or (b),

the operating air carrier may reduce the compensation provided for in paragraph 1 by 50 %.
條文很清楚,被安排其他航班或改搭其他航空公司,才是看抵達時間。
原po沒被改簽,所以適用班機出發時間。
我是你路過的風景
超羨慕原PO可以順利求償,UA也是蠻有誠意的。
年初從巴塞隆納要飛去巴黎時,人都到機場了,結果遇上班機莫名取消真的超無言。
原本也想試著申請看看,但搞超~久都沒下文,爬文的時候剛好看到airConcur的文章,抱著試試的心情請他們幫忙爭取,結果2個月左右我就收到台幣8000左右的賠償
覺得之前自己很想白做工,還狂查法條==
如果很衰的再遇到應該會直接找他們幫忙吧
大王叫我來巡山
條文很清楚,被安排其他航班或改搭其他航空公司,才是看抵達時間。
原po沒被改簽,所以適用班機出發時間。
我們不妨參考歐洲法庭European Court of Justice如何詮釋這2條條文。

Joined Cases C-402/07 and C-432/07, para 32, 33 & 41:
32 In the second place, it must be noted that the Court has held that when their flights are subject to long delay, that is delay equal to or in excess of three hours, passengers of such flights are entitled to compensation on the basis of Article 7 of Regulation No 261/2004, like those passengers whose original flights have been cancelled and whom an air carrier is not able to offer re-routing in accordance with the conditions laid down in Article 5(1)(c)(iii) of Regulation No 261/2004, given that they suffer an irreversible loss of time and, hence, a comparable inconvenience (see Sturgeon and Others, paragraphs 60 and 61, and Joined Cases C‑581/10 and C‑629/10 Nelson and Others [2012] ECR, paragraphs 34 and 40).

33 Since that inconvenience materialises, with regard to delayed flights, on arrival at the final destination, the Court has held that a delay must be assessed, for the purposes of the compensation provided for in Article 7 of Regulation No 261/2004, in relation to the scheduled arrival time at that destination (see Sturgeon and Others, paragraph 61, and Nelson and Others, paragraph 40).
...
41. In the light of the foregoing, the answer to the first question referred for a preliminary ruling is that Article 7 of Regulation No 261/2004 must be interpreted as meaning that compensation is payable, on the basis of that article, to a passenger on directly connecting flights who has been delayed at departure for a period below the limits specified in Article 6 of that regulation, but has arrived at his final destination at least three hours later than the scheduled arrival time, given that the compensation in question is not conditional upon there having been a delay at departure and, thus, upon the conditions set out in Article 6 having been met.
輸給回憶
超羨慕原PO可以順利求償,UA也是蠻有誠意的。
年初從巴塞隆納要飛去巴黎時,人都到機場了,結果遇上班機莫名取消真的超無言。
原本也想試著申請看看,但搞超~久都沒下文,爬文的時候剛好看到airConcur的文章,抱著試試的心情請他們幫忙爭取,結果2個月左右我就收到台幣8000左右的賠償
覺得之前自己很想白做工,還狂查法條==
如果很衰的再遇到應該會直接找他們幫忙吧
向各國民航局或 European consumer centre 求助是免費的。他們同樣會提供協助。
男人善騙女人善變
超羨慕各位可以順利索償的大大.我是新手客,麻煩大家幫幫忙俾啲意見。
我八月尾搭荷蘭航空公司從哥本哈根經阿姆斯特丹轉機到香港. 但飛機delay以致接不到回香港的班機。 最後在Ams.要我們轉另一航空公司班機經英國再回港.
原本我們的機票是早上10時回到港,但幾經轉折下終於晚上七時左右才回到香港. 回港後連行李都不見了,要三天後才找到. 相當無奈·
我們經荷航網站提出索償,他們回覆因雀仔撞機引起延遲,及非他們航空公司可以控制的所以拒絕賠償。 請問各位有經驗的可否分享我可以怎樣做呢? 先謝過!